---
title: _ Even a common man by obtaining knowledge becomes a Buddha. — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: _ Even a common man by obtaining knowledge becomes a Buddha. Who acts: common man. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 42

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\_ Even a common man by obtaining knowledge becomes a Buddha.

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**Who acts:** common man · **What happens:** obtain, become · **To what, where:** knowledge

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (common man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:24:43
# text = _ Even a common man by obtaining knowledge becomes a Buddha.
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	5	punct	_	_
2	Even	even	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	obtaining	obtain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **obtain** | gerund | a common man *not said here* | knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset knowledge=Theme |
| 2 | **become** | present | a common man |  |  |  |  | a Buddha *xcomp* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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