---
title: The proverb suggests that the higher truths of Buddhism cannot be ac… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: The proverb suggests that the higher truths of Buddhism cannot be acquired by those who continue to live in the world of follies and desires. Who acts: proverb, those. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, with its dependency 
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 53

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The proverb suggests that the higher truths of Buddhism cannot be acquired by those who continue to live in the world of follies and desires.

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**Who acts:** proverb, those · **What happens:** suggest, not acquire, continue, live · **To what, where:** higher truths, world · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (proverb, those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:24:54
# text = The proverb suggests that the higher truths of Buddhism cannot be acquired by those who continue to live in the world of follies and desires.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	proverb	proverb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	suggests	suggest	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	truths	truth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Buddhism	Buddhism	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	acquired	acquire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	13	obl	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	continue	continue	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	follies	folly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	desires	desire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | present | the proverb |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **acquire** | can · passive | those | the higher truths of Buddhism |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Theme |
| 3 | **continue** | present |  |  |  |  |  | who *nsubj* | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **live** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the world of follies and desires |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in world=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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