---
title: Jocosely the saying is sometimes used of a crowd of wretched or tire… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Jocosely the saying is sometimes used of a crowd of wretched or tired-looking people,—sometimes of an assembly of weak boys desiring to make some demonstration,—sometimes of a miserable-looking company of soldiers.—Among the lowest classes of the people it is not uncommon to call a deformed or greed
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 80

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Jocosely the saying is sometimes used of a crowd of wretched or tired-looking people,—sometimes of an assembly of weak boys desiring to make some demonstration,—sometimes of a miserable-looking company of soldiers.—Among the lowest classes of the people it is not uncommon to call a deformed or greedy person a “gaki.”

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**Who acts:** weak boys, demonstration · **What happens:** use, look, desire, make, not be, call · **To what, where:** Jocosely saying, demonstration, people, deformed person · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (weak boys, demonstration), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:24:81
# text = Jocosely the saying is sometimes used of a crowd of wretched or tired-looking people,—sometimes of an assembly of weak boys desiring to make some demonstration,—sometimes of a miserable-looking company of soldiers.—Among the lowest classes of the people it is not uncommon to call a deformed or greedy person a “gaki.”
1	Jocosely	Jocosely	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	saying	saying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	_
6	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
11	wretched	wretched	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
16	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	22	advmod	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
26	desiring	desire	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	acl	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	30	det	_	_
30	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	39	advmod	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
36	miserable	miserable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	39	amod	_	_
39	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	47	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	Among	among	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
46	lowest	low	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	47	amod	_	_
47	classes	class	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
48	of	of	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	nmod	_	_
51	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	54	nsubj	_	_
52	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	54	cop	_	_
53	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	54	advmod	_	_
54	uncommon	uncommon	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	acl:relcl	_	_
55	to	to	PART	TO	_	56	mark	_	_
56	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	54	advcl	_	_
57	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
58	deformed	deform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	61	amod	_	_
59	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	60	cc	_	_
60	greedy	greedy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	conj	_	_
61	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	obj	_	_
62	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	64	det	_	_
63	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	64	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	gaki	gaki	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	47	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
66	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	47	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | the Jocosely saying |  |  |  | of a crowd of wretched looking people; among the lowest classes of the people; a assembly of weak boys and a looking company of soldiers *parataxis*; sometimes *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **look** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **desire** | gerund | weak boys *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 4 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | weak boys *not said here* | some demonstration |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset demonstration=Product |
| 5 | **look** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 6 | **not** **is** | present | demonstration | the people *not said here* |  |  |  | uncommon *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **call** | to-infinitive | demonstration *not said here* |  | a deformed person |  |  | a gaki *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent person=Recipient |
| 8 | **deform** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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