---
title: 16.—_Gwai-men nyo-Bosatsu; nai shin nyo-Yasha. — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: 16.—_Gwai-men nyo-Bosatsu; nai shin nyo-Yasha. Who acts: Gwai men. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 94

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16.—\_Gwai-men nyo-Bosatsu; nai shin nyo-Yasha.

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**Who acts:** Gwai men · **What happens:** shin · **To what, where:** 16

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gwai men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:24:95
# text = 16.—_Gwai-men nyo-Bosatsu; nai shin nyo-Yasha.
1	16	16	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Gwai	Gwai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
8	nyo	nyo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Bosatsu	Bosatsu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	nai	nai	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	8	conj	_	_
13	shin	shin	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	nyo	nyo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Yasha	Yasha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shin** | present | Gwai men | 16 |  |  |  | nyo *obj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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