---
title: [69] _Ma_ (Sanscrit, _Mârakâyikas_) is the name given to a particula… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: [69] _Ma_ (Sanscrit, _Mârakâyikas_) is the name given to a particular class of spirits who tempt men to evil. Who acts: 69, spirits. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 177

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\[69\] \_Ma\_ (Sanscrit, \_Mârakâyikas\_) is the name given to a particular class of spirits who tempt men to evil.

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**Who acts:** 69, spirits · **What happens:** be, give, tempt · **To what, where:** name, particular class, men

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (69, spirits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:25:177
# text = [69] _Ma_ (Sanscrit, _Mârakâyikas_) is the name given to a particular class of spirits who tempt men to evil.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	69	69	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Ma	Ma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	8	punct	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Sanscrit	Sanscrit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Mârakâyikas	Mârakâyikas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
17	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
24	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
25	tempt	tempt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
26	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | 69  Ma | the name |  |  |  | Sanscrit *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | participle |  | the name *not said here* | a particular class of spirits |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to class=Recipient |
| 3 | **tempt** | present | spirits |  | men |  |  | to evil | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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