---
title: [74] Meaning that one most reveres the _hotoké_—the spirits of the d… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: [74] Meaning that one most reveres the _hotoké_—the spirits of the dead regarded as Buddhas—in one’s own household-shrine. Who acts: one. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 209

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\[74\] Meaning that one most reveres the \_hotoké\_—the spirits of the dead regarded as Buddhas—in one’s own household-shrine.

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**Who acts:** one · **What happens:** mean, revere, regard · **To what, where:** hotoké, spirits, 74

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:25:209
# text = [74] Meaning that one most reveres the _hotoké_—the spirits of the dead regarded as Buddhas—in one’s own household-shrine.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	74	74	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nsubj	_	_
7	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	reveres	revere	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	hotoké	hotoké	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	parataxis	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	nmod	_	_
19	regarded	regard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Buddhas	buddha	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
24	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	29	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	’s	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
27	household	household	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	shrine	shrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **revere** | present | one | the hotoké |  |  |  | the spirits of the dead *parataxis* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hotoké=Stimulus |
| 3 | **regard** | participle |  | the spirits of the dead *not said here* |  |  |  | as Buddhas and own household shrine | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent as buddha=Value |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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