---
title: [48] The ignorant and the vicious, not understanding the law of caus… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: [48] The ignorant and the vicious, not understanding the law of cause-and-effect, do not fear the certain results of their folly. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 55

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\[48\] The ignorant and the vicious, not understanding the law of cause-and-effect, do not fear the certain results of their folly.

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**What happens:** not understand, not fear, result · **To what, where:** law, certain results, 48, folly

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:25:55
# text = [48] The ignorant and the vicious, not understanding the law of cause-and-effect, do not fear the certain results of their folly.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	48	48	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ignorant	ignorant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	vicious	vicious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	understanding	understand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
15	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
23	fear	fear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **understand** | gerund |  | the law of effect  cause |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer law=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **fear** | infinitive · do-support |  | the certain results of Hades's folly |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer result=Stimulus |
| 4 | **result** |  |  | Hades's folly |  |  |  |  | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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