--- title: [50] _Kozō_ means “acolyte” as well as “shop-boy,”“errand-boy,” or “… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics description: [50] _Kozō_ means “acolyte” as well as “shop-boy,”“errand-boy,” or “apprentice;” but in this case it refers to a boy employed in a shop situated near or before the gate of a Buddhist temple. Who acts: 50, acolyte. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/64/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [In Ghostly Japan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/) / [Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/) / 64 # In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 64 \[50\] \_Kozō\_ means “acolyte” as well as “shop-boy,”“errand-boy,” or “apprentice;” but in this case it refers to a boy employed in a shop situated near or before the gate of a Buddhist temple. **Who acts:** 50, acolyte · **What happens:** mean, refer, employ, situate · **To what, where:** acolyte, case, boy, shop, gate This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (50, acolyte), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg8128:25:64 # text = [50] _Kozō_ means “acolyte” as well as “shop-boy,”“errand-boy,” or “apprentice;” but in this case it refers to a boy employed in a shop situated near or before the gate of a Buddhist temple. 1 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 50 50 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 ] ] PUNCT -RRB- _ 2 punct _ _ 4 _ _ PUNCT NFP _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 Kozō Kozō PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod:unmarked _ SpaceAfter=No 6 _ _ PUNCT NFP _ 2 punct _ _ 7 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 “ " PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 acolyte acolyte NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ” " PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ 11 as as ADV RB ExtPos=CCONJ 17 cc _ _ 12 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 11 fixed _ _ 13 as as ADP IN _ 11 fixed _ _ 14 “ " PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 15 shop shop NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 16 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 15 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 17 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 19 ” " PUNCT '' _ 17 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 20 “ " PUNCT `` _ 23 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 21 errand errand NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 22 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 21 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 23 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 25 ” " PUNCT '' _ 23 punct _ _ 26 or or CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 “ " PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 28 apprentice apprentice NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 30 ” " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ 31 but but CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 det _ _ 34 case case NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 35 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 refers refer VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 37 to to ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 40 employed employ VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 39 acl _ _ 41 in in ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 shop shop NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 44 situated situate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 43 acl _ _ 45 near near ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 46 or or CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 47 before before ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 gate gate NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 50 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 51 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 52 Buddhist buddhist ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 53 amod _ _ 53 temple temple NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 54 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | 50 Kozō | acolyte | | | | shop boy and errand boy or apprentice *conj* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent acolyte=Topic | | 2 | **refer** | present | acolyte | | | this case | | to a boy | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to boy=Co-Theme | | 3 | **employ** | participle | | a boy *not said here* | | a shop | | | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **situate** | participle | | a shop *not said here* | | the gate of a Buddhist temple | | | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent near gate=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 63](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/63/) - next →: [sentence 65](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/65/) - ↑ back to [Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/)