---
title: It began at 2 A.M., and lasted until 4 A.M.—for the old Japanese hou… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: It began at 2 A.M., and lasted until 4 A.M.—for the old Japanese hour was double the length of the modern hour. Who acts: pain, old Japanese hour. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 120

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It began at 2 A.M., and lasted until 4 A.M.—for the old Japanese hour was double the length of the modern hour.

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**Who acts:** pain, old Japanese hour · **What happens:** begin, last, be · **To what, where:** 2, double length

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pain, old Japanese hour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:26:120
# text = It began at 2 A.M., and lasted until 4 A.M.—for the old Japanese hour was double the length of the modern hour.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	_
5	A.M.	a.m.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	lasted	last	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	until	until	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	A.M.	a.m.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
16	Japanese	Japanese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | pain |  |  | 2  A.M. |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **last** | past | pain *not said here* | the double length of the modern hour |  |  | until 4 A.M. |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the old Japanese hour |  |  |  |  | double *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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