---
title: “But you know,” I observed, “that there are Buddhist texts,—in the _… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “But you know,” I observed, “that there are Buddhist texts,—in the _Saddharma Pundarîka_, for example, and in the _Vinayas_,—which forbid….” Who acts: you, I, Saddharma. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, with its dependenc
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 35

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“But you know,” I observed, “that there are Buddhist texts,—in the \_Saddharma Pundarîka\_, for example, and in the \_Vinayas\_,—which forbid….”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, I, Saddharma · **What happens:** know, observe, be, forbid · **To what, where:** Buddhist texts · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, I, Saddharma), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:26:35
# text = “But you know,” I observed, “that there are Buddhist texts,—in the _Saddharma Pundarîka_, for example, and in the _Vinayas_,—which forbid….”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	observed	observe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	13	expl	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	Buddhist	buddhist	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	texts	text	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	_	_	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	Saddharma	Saddharma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
22	Pundarîka	Pundarîka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	_	_	PUNCT	``	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	Vinayas	Vinayas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
37	forbid	forbid	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	….	..	PUNCT	.	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	37	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **observe** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | Buddhist texts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **forbid** *in a quote* | infinitive | the Saddharma for example |  |  |  |  | which *nsubj* | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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