---
title: “Why, this way!”—responded the dying woman, lifting herself with an… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “Why, this way!”—responded the dying woman, lifting herself with an almost superhuman effort by clinging to Yukiko’s shoulders. Who acts: dying woman. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, with its dependency tree and the prag
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 93

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“Why, this way!”—responded the dying woman, lifting herself with an almost superhuman effort by clinging to Yukiko’s shoulders.

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**Who acts:** dying woman · **What happens:** respond, die, lift, cling · **To what, where:** woman

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dying woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:26:93
# text = “Why, this way!”—responded the dying woman, lifting herself with an almost superhuman effort by clinging to Yukiko’s shoulders.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	responded	respond	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	dying	die	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	amod	_	_
12	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	lifting	lift	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
15	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	14	obj	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	superhuman	superhuman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
21	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
22	clinging	cling	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	Yukiko	Yukiko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	’s	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **respond** *speech: other* | past | the dying woman |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **die** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **lift** | gerund | the dying woman *not said here* | woman |  |  |  | with a superhuman effort | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herself=Theme |
| 4 | **cling** | gerund | the dying woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to Yukiko's shoulders | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to shoulder=Co-Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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