---
title: It had not been seriously hurt, and was able to fly away. — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: It had not been seriously hurt, and was able to fly away. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1], with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu\[1\], sentence 12

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It had not been seriously hurt, and was able to fly away.

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**What happens:** not hurt, be, fly away · **To what, where:** pity

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu\[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:27:12
# text = It had not been seriously hurt, and was able to fly away.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	seriously	seriously	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **hurt** | past · perfect · passive |  | pity |  |  |  | seriously *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **fly away** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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