---
title: —“So,” I said to myself, “in the Far East, it is poor Hero that does… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: —“So,” I said to myself, “in the Far East, it is poor Hero that does the swimming. Who acts: I, story, poor Hero. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1], with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu\[1\], sentence 141

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—“So,” I said to myself, “in the Far East, it is poor Hero that does the swimming.

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**Who acts:** I, story, poor Hero · **What happens:** say, be, do · **To what, where:** myself, poor Hero, Far East, swimming · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu\[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, story, poor Hero), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:27:142
# text = —“So,” I said to myself, “in the Far East, it is poor Hero that does the swimming.
1	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	So	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	Far	Far	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	Hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I |  | myself |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to myself=Recipient |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | story | poor Hero |  | the Far East |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** *in a quote* | present | poor Hero | the swimming |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swimming=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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