---
title: And what, under such circumstances, would have been the Western esti… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: And what, under such circumstances, would have been the Western estimate of Leander?” A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1], with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu\[1\], sentence 142

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And what, under such circumstances, would have been the Western estimate of Leander?”

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**What happens:** be · **To what, where:** Western estimate

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu\[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:27:143
# text = And what, under such circumstances, would have been the Western estimate of Leander?”
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
9	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	estimate	estimate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Leander	Leander	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | would · perfect |  | the Western estimate |  |  |  | of Leander | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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