---
title: The monk respectfully saluted him, and said:—“Sir, through your comp… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: The monk respectfully saluted him, and said:—“Sir, through your compassionate kindness my life has been saved; and I now desire to express my gratitude in a fitting manner.” Who acts: monk, compassionate kindness. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1], with its depe
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu\[1\], sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monk respectfully saluted him, and said:—“Sir, through your compassionate kindness my life has been saved; and I now desire to express my gratitude in a fitting manner.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** monk, compassionate kindness · **What happens:** salute, say, save, desire, express · **To what, where:** act, life, gratitude, fitting manner · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu\[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monk, compassionate kindness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:27:15
# text = The monk respectfully saluted him, and said:—“Sir, through your compassionate kindness my life has been saved; and I now desire to express my gratitude in a fitting manner.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monk	monk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	respectfully	respectfully	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	saluted	salute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Sir	Sir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	through	through	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	compassionate	compassionate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	saved	save	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	27	advmod	_	_
27	desire	desire	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	express	express	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	xcomp	_	_
30	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	gratitude	gratitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	fitting	fitting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **salute** | past | the monk | act |  |  |  | respectfully *property* | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the monk *not said here* |  |  |  |  | Sir *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **save** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive | your compassionate kindness *not said here* | my life |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **desire** *in a quote* | present | the monk *= monk* |  |  |  | now |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **express** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | the monk *= monk* *not said here* | my gratitude |  | a fitting manner |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gratitude=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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