---
title: Astonished at hearing himself thus addressed, the priest replied:—“R… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Astonished at hearing himself thus addressed, the priest replied:—“Really, I cannot remember to have ever seen you before: please tell me who you are.” Who acts: monk, priest, you. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1], with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu\[1\], sentence 16

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Astonished at hearing himself thus addressed, the priest replied:—“Really, I cannot remember to have ever seen you before: please tell me who you are.”

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**Who acts:** monk, priest, you · **What happens:** hear, address, reply, not remember, see, tell · **To what, where:** you, priest · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu\[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monk, priest, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:27:16
# text = Astonished at hearing himself thus addressed, the priest replied:—“Really, I cannot remember to have ever seen you before: please tell me who you are.”
1	Astonished	astonished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
3	hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
4	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	nsubj	_	_
5	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	addressed	address	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Really	really	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	advcl	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	aux	_	_
22	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	23	advmod	_	_
23	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
24	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	before	before	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
27	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	28	discourse	_	_
28	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
29	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	iobj	_	_
30	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	28	ccomp	_	_
31	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
32	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	28	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | gerund | monk *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **address** | past | monk |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | the priest |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **not** **remember** *in a quote* | can | the priest *= priest* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **see** *in a quote* | infinitive · perfect | monk *not said here* | you |  |  | ever | before *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
| 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | infinitive | monk *not said here* |  | the priest *= priest* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient |
| 7 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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