---
title: But the mystery lightens for whomsoever learns that the substance of… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: But the mystery lightens for whomsoever learns that the substance of Self is older than the sun. He finds that music is a Necromancy;—he feels that to every ripple of melody, to every billow of harmony, there answers within him, out of the Sea of Death and Birth, some eddying immeasurable of ancient
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu\[1\], sentence 185

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But the mystery lightens for whomsoever learns that the substance of Self is older than the sun. He finds that music is a Necromancy;—he feels that to every ripple of melody, to every billow of harmony, there answers within him, out of the Sea of Death and Birth, some eddying immeasurable of ancient pleasure and pain.

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**Who acts:** mystery, whomsoever, substance, music, some, melody · **What happens:** lighten, learn, be, find, feel, answer · **To what, where:** sun., Necromancy, ripple, Sea · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu\[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mystery, whomsoever, substance, music), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:27:186
# text = But the mystery lightens for whomsoever learns that the substance of Self is older than the sun. He finds that music is a Necromancy;—he feels that to every ripple of melody, to every billow of harmony, there answers within him, out of the Sea of Death and Birth, some eddying immeasurable of ancient pleasure and pain.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	mystery	mystery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lightens	lighten	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	whomsoever	whomsoever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	learns	learn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Self	self	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	advcl	_	_
15	than	than	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	finds	find	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
21	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Necromancy	necromancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
29	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	32	det	_	_
32	ripple	ripple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	xcomp	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
36	to	to	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	38	det	_	_
38	billow	billow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	harmony	harmony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
42	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	43	expl	_	_
43	answers	answer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
44	within	within	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
47	out	out	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
48	of	of	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	Death	Death	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	54	cc	_	_
54	Birth	Birth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
56	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	57	nsubj	_	_
57	eddying	eddy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	50	conj	_	_
58	immeasurable	immeasurable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	57	xcomp	_	_
59	of	of	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
60	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	61	amod	_	_
61	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obl	_	_
62	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	63	cc	_	_
63	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten** | present | the mystery |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **learn** | present | whomsoever |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | the substance of Self |  |  |  |  | than the sun.; old *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **find** | present | whomsoever | the sun. *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun.=Topic |
| 5 | **is a** | present | music | a Necromancy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **feel** | present | whomsoever | every ripple of melody and every billow of harmony |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 7 | **answer** *speech: assert* | present | whomsoever *not said here* |  |  | the Sea of Death and Birth; there |  | within whomsoever | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **eddy** | gerund | some |  |  |  |  | immeasurable *property* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 9 | **ripple** |  | melody |  |  |  |  |  | nom ripple «event intransitive»: of=agent |
| 10 | **billow** |  | harmony |  |  |  |  |  | nom billow «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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