---
title: But in music’s larger utterance it is ever the sorrow that makes the… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: But in music’s larger utterance it is ever the sorrow that makes the undertone,—the surf-mutter of the Sea of Soul…. Who acts: music, sorrow. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1], with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu\[1\], sentence 187

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But in music’s larger utterance it is ever the sorrow that makes the undertone,—the surf-mutter of the Sea of Soul….

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**Who acts:** music, sorrow · **What happens:** be, make, utter, mutter · **To what, where:** sorrow, larger utterance, undertone, Sea

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu\[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (music, sorrow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:27:188
# text = But in music’s larger utterance it is ever the sorrow that makes the undertone,—the surf-mutter of the Sea of Soul….
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’s	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	utterance	utterance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	11	advmod	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	undertone	undertone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	surf	surf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	mutter	mutter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Soul	Soul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	….	..	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | music | the sorrow |  | music's larger utterance | ever |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | the sorrow | the undertone |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset undertone=Product |
| 3 | **utter** |  | music |  |  |  |  |  | nom utterance «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **mutter** |  |  | the Sea of Soul |  |  |  |  | nom mutter «event transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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