---
title: This amazing variety may be in some degree due to respect for local… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: This amazing variety may be in some degree due to respect for local tradition,—to the pious conservatism that preserves ancestral teaching and custom unchanged through hundreds of years: but it is better explained by the fact that different communities practise different kinds of fishing; and the sh
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu\[1\], sentence 70

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This amazing variety may be in some degree due to respect for local tradition,—to the pious conservatism that preserves ancestral teaching and custom unchanged through hundreds of years: but it is better explained by the fact that different communities practise different kinds of fishing; and the shapes of the nets or the boats made, at any one place, are likely to prove, on investigation, the inventions of a special experience.

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**Who acts:** amazing variety, pious conservatism, different communities, shapes · **What happens:** be, respect, preserve, unchang, explain, practise · **To what, where:** degree, ancestral teaching, custom, hundreds, different kinds, one place

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu\[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (amazing variety, pious conservatism, different communities, shapes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:27:71
# text = This amazing variety may be in some degree due to respect for local tradition,—to the pious conservatism that preserves ancestral teaching and custom unchanged through hundreds of years: but it is better explained by the fact that different communities practise different kinds of fishing; and the shapes of the nets or the boats made, at any one place, are likely to prove, on investigation, the inventions of a special experience.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	amazing	amazing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	variety	variety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	degree	degree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	respect	respect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	tradition	tradition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	pious	pious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	conservatism	conservatism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	preserves	preserve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	ancestral	ancestral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	teaching	teaching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	custom	custom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
27	unchanged	unchang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl	_	_
28	through	through	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
33	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	expl	_	_
35	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	cop	_	_
36	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	parataxis	_	_
37	explained	explain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	36	advcl	_	_
38	by	by	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
41	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
42	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	communities	community	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	nsubj	_	_
44	practise	practise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	acl	_	_
45	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	obj	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
50	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	59	cc	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	shapes	shape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	59	nsubj	_	_
53	of	of	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	nets	net	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	nmod	_	_
56	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	58	cc	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	55	conj	_	_
59	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
61	at	at	ADP	IN	_	64	case	_	_
62	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	64	det	_	_
63	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	64	compound	_	_
64	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	67	punct	_	_
66	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	67	cop	_	_
67	likely	likely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	conj	_	_
68	to	to	PART	TO	_	69	mark	_	_
69	prove	prove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	67	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
70	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	72	punct	_	_
71	on	on	ADP	IN	_	72	case	_	_
72	investigation	investigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	69	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
73	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	75	punct	_	_
74	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	75	det	_	_
75	inventions	invention	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	72	appos	_	_
76	of	of	ADP	IN	_	79	case	_	_
77	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	79	det	_	_
78	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	79	amod	_	_
79	experience	experience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	75	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
80	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | may | this amazing variety |  |  | some degree |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **respect** | to-infinitive | this amazing variety *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for local tradition | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for tradition=Attribute |
| 3 | **preserve** | present | the pious conservatism | ancestral teaching and custom |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teaching=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **unchang** | participle |  | custom *not said here* |  | hundreds of years |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **explain** *speech: assert* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the fact | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **practise** | present | different communities | different kinds of fishing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **make** | past | the shapes of the nets or the boats |  |  | any one place |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 9 | **is** | present | the shapes of the nets or the boats *not said here* |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | tree rules |
| 10 | **prove** | to-infinitive | the shapes of the nets or the boats *not said here* | investigation |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent investigation=Theme |
| 11 | **invent** |  |  | a special experience |  |  |  |  | nom invention «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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