--- title: “After having carefully examined the shards, the tilemaker said: —‘T… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics description: “After having carefully examined the shards, the tilemaker said: —‘This tile was made in my house; but the characters in the clay were written by an old man—a fortune-teller,—who asked permission to write upon the tile before it was baked.’ Who acts: tilemaker, old man. A sentence of «In Ghostly Jap --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/113/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [In Ghostly Japan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/) / [Names of Incense Used., part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/) / 113 # In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 113 “After having carefully examined the shards, the tilemaker said: —‘This tile was made in my house; but the characters in the clay were written by an old man—a fortune-teller,—who asked permission to write upon the tile before it was baked.’ **Who acts:** tilemaker, old man · **What happens:** have, examine, say, make, write, ask · **To what, where:** shards, tile, house, characters, permission, tilemaker · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tilemaker, old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg8128:3:115 # text = “After having carefully examined the shards, the tilemaker said: —‘This tile was made in my house; but the characters in the clay were written by an old man—a fortune-teller,—who asked permission to write upon the tile before it was baked.’ 1 “ " PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 After after SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 3 having have VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 advcl _ _ 4 carefully carefully ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 examined examine VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 ccomp _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 shards shard NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 tilemaker tilemaker NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 11 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 12 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 13 — - PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 14 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 15 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 16 det _ _ 16 tile tile NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj:pass _ _ 17 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux:pass _ _ 18 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 conj _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 23 but but CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 characters character NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 clay clay NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux:pass _ _ 30 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 advcl _ _ 31 by by ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 32 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 33 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 — - PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 37 fortune fortune NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 38 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 37 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 39 teller teller NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 — - PUNCT : _ 43 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 42 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 43 nsubj _ _ 43 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 parataxis _ _ 44 permission permission NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ _ 45 to to PART TO _ 46 mark _ _ 46 write write VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 44 acl _ _ 47 upon upon ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 tile tile NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 50 before before SCONJ IN _ 53 mark _ _ 51 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj:pass _ _ 52 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 53 aux:pass _ _ 53 baked bake VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 46 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 54 . . PUNCT . _ 43 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 55 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 43 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | carefully *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **examine** *in a quote* | past | | the shards | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shard=Theme | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | the tilemaker | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **make** *in a quote* | past · passive | | this tile | | my house | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 5 | **write** *in a quote* | past · passive | a old man and a fortune teller | the characters in the clay | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 6 | **ask** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | past | | permission | | | | who *nsubj* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent permission=Recipient | | 7 | **write** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | | permission *not said here* | | | | upon the tile | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **bake** *in a quote* | past · passive | | tilemaker | | | | | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 112](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/112/) - next →: [sentence 114](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/114/) - ↑ back to [Names of Incense Used., part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/)