--- title: Incense is still burned in the presence of a corpse with the idea th… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics description: Incense is still burned in the presence of a corpse with the idea that its fragrance shields both corpse and newly-parted soul from malevolent demons; and by the peasants it is often burned also to drive away goblins and the evil powers presiding over diseases. Who acts: fragrance, peasants, evil po --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/43/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [In Ghostly Japan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/) / [Names of Incense Used., part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/) / 43 # In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 43 Incense is still burned in the presence of a corpse with the idea that its fragrance shields both corpse and newly-parted soul from malevolent demons; and by the peasants it is often burned also to drive away goblins and the evil powers presiding over diseases. **Who acts:** fragrance, peasants, evil powers · **What happens:** burn, shield, part, drive away, preside · **To what, where:** Incense, presence, corpse, goblins, diseases This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fragrance, peasants, evil powers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg8128:3:45 # text = Incense is still burned in the presence of a corpse with the idea that its fragrance shields both corpse and newly-parted soul from malevolent demons; and by the peasants it is often burned also to drive away goblins and the evil powers presiding over diseases. 1 Incense incense NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 3 still still ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 burned burn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 presence presence NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 corpse corpse NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 with with ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 idea idea NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 that that SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 fragrance fragrance NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 17 shields shield VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 acl _ _ 18 both both CCONJ CC _ 19 cc:preconj _ _ 19 corpse corpse NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 21 newly newly ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 22 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 21 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 23 parted part VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 24 amod _ _ 24 soul soul NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 25 from from ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 malevolent malevolent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 demons demon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 28 ; ; PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 30 by by ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 peasants peasant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 obl _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj:pass _ _ 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 aux:pass _ _ 35 often often ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 burned burn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 advcl _ _ 37 also also ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 38 to to PART TO _ 39 mark _ _ 39 drive drive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 advcl _ _ 40 away away ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 41 goblins goblin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 obj _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 44 evil evil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 powers power NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 conj _ _ 46 presiding preside VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 45 acl _ _ 47 over over ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 diseases disease NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 49 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **burn** | present · passive | | Incense | | the presence of a corpse with the idea | still | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **shield** | present | Incense's fragrance | corpse and parted soul from malevolent demons | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **part** | participle | | | | | | newly *property* | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **burn** | present · passive | the peasants | Incense | | | | often *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 5 | **drive away** | to-infinitive | the peasants *not said here* | goblins and the evil powers | | | | away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goblin=Theme | | 6 | **preside** | gerund | the evil powers *not said here* | | | diseases | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/42/) - next →: [sentence 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/44/) - ↑ back to [Names of Incense Used., part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/)