---
title: His counsellors prayed him to forego his purpose, declaring that the… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: His counsellors prayed him to forego his purpose, declaring that the vision could only intensify his grief. Who acts: counsellors, vision, book. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 57

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His counsellors prayed him to forego his purpose, declaring that the vision could only intensify his grief.

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**Who acts:** counsellors, vision, book · **What happens:** pray, forego, declare, intensify, purpose · **To what, where:** book, purpose, grief · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (counsellors, vision, book), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:3:59
# text = His counsellors prayed him to forego his purpose, declaring that the vision could only intensify his grief.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	counsellors	counsellor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	prayed	pray	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	forego	forego	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	declaring	declare	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	vision	vision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	only	only	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	intensify	intensify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** | past | book's counsellors | book |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **forego** | to-infinitive | book's counsellors *not said here* | book's purpose |  |  |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent purpose=Theme |
| 3 | **declare** *speech: other* | gerund | book's counsellors *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **intensify** | could | the vision | book's grief |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent grief=Patient |
| 5 | **purpose** |  | book |  |  |  |  |  | nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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