---
title: He confessed that he had made some erroneous predictions; but he sai… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: He confessed that he had made some erroneous predictions; but he said that these mistakes had been entirely due to his own miscomprehension of certain texts or diagrams. Who acts: teller, mistakes. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1, with its dependenc
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 82

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He confessed that he had made some erroneous predictions; but he said that these mistakes had been entirely due to his own miscomprehension of certain texts or diagrams.

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**Who acts:** teller, mistakes · **What happens:** confess, make, say, be · **To what, where:** erroneous predictions · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (teller, mistakes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:3:84
# text = He confessed that he had made some erroneous predictions; but he said that these mistakes had been entirely due to his own miscomprehension of certain texts or diagrams.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	confessed	confess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	ccomp	_	_
7	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
8	erroneous	erroneous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	predictions	prediction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
15	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
16	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
18	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	cop	_	_
19	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
20	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	24	case	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
23	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	miscomprehension	miscomprehension	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	ccomp	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	texts	text	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
28	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	diagrams	diagram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confess** | past | teller |  |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | past · perfect | teller | some erroneous predictions |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prediction=Product |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | teller |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | past · perfect | this mistakes |  |  |  |  | due teller's own miscomprehension; of certain texts or diagrams; teller *nmod:poss*; entirely *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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