---
title: So Nanda questioned one of the celestial maidens; and she said to hi… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: So Nanda questioned one of the celestial maidens; and she said to him:—‘This festival is to celebrate the good tidings that have been brought to us. Who acts: Nanda, beauty, festival. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2, with its dependency tree and the
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 2, sentence 103

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So Nanda questioned one of the celestial maidens; and she said to him:—‘This festival is to celebrate the good tidings that have been brought to us.

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**Who acts:** Nanda, beauty, festival · **What happens:** question, say, be, bring · **To what, where:** one, Nanda, good tidings, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nanda, beauty, festival), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:4:103
# text = So Nanda questioned one of the celestial maidens; and she said to him:—‘This festival is to celebrate the good tidings that have been brought to us.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	Nanda	Nanda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	questioned	question	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	celestial	celestial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	maidens	maiden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	festival	festival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	celebrate	celebrate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	tidings	tiding	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
27	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	acl:relcl	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **question** *speech: other* | past | Nanda | one of the celestial maidens |  |  |  |  | vn interrogate-37.1.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Recipient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | beauty |  | Nanda |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient |
| 3 | **is** | present | this festival |  |  |  |  | the good tidings *obj*; celebrate *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **bring** | present · perfect · passive |  | the good tidings | us |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to we=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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