---
title: Then the Buddha asked him: ‘Is there any one among these maidens, Na… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the Buddha asked him: ‘Is there any one among these maidens, Nanda, equal in beauty to the woman with whom you have been in love?’ Who acts: Buddha, one, you. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 2, sentence 107

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Then the Buddha asked him: ‘Is there any one among these maidens, Nanda, equal in beauty to the woman with whom you have been in love?’

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**Who acts:** Buddha, one, you · **What happens:** ask, be · **To what, where:** Nanda, love · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha, one, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:4:107
# text = Then the Buddha asked him: ‘Is there any one among these maidens, Nanda, equal in beauty to the woman with whom you have been in love?’
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
10	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
12	among	among	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	maidens	maiden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	Nanda	Nanda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	nmod	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
27	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
28	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	cop	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the Buddha |  | Nanda |  | then |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **be** | present | any one among this maidens |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present · perfect | you |  |  | love |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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