---
title: “We always reserve a few for breeding,” he said;—“this one is just o… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “We always reserve a few for breeding,” he said;—“this one is just out of the cocoon. Who acts: We, moth, one. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 2, sentence 29

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“We always reserve a few for breeding,” he said;—“this one is just out of the cocoon.

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**Who acts:** We, moth, one · **What happens:** reserve, say, be · **To what, where:** few, cocoon · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, moth, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:4:29
# text = “We always reserve a few for breeding,” he said;—“this one is just out of the cocoon.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	reserve	reserve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	breeding	breeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	det	_	_
17	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
19	just	just	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
20	out	out	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	cocoon	cocoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reserve** *in a quote* | present | We | a few for breeding |  |  |  | always *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | moth |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | this one |  |  | the cocoon |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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