---
title: The worms are kept in large oblong trays, elevated upon light wooden… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: The worms are kept in large oblong trays, elevated upon light wooden stands about three feet high. Who acts: light. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 2, sentence 35

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The worms are kept in large oblong trays, elevated upon light wooden stands about three feet high.

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**Who acts:** light · **What happens:** keep, elevate, stand · **To what, where:** worms, large oblong trays, high

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:4:35
# text = The worms are kept in large oblong trays, elevated upon light wooden stands about three feet high.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	oblong	oblong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	trays	tray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	elevated	elevate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
11	upon	upon	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
14	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
15	about	about	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl:unmarked	_	_
18	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · passive |  | the worms |  | large oblong trays |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in tray=Location |
| 2 | **elevate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **stand** | present | light | high  three feet |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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