---
title: For thousands of years their race has been so well-cared for, that i… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: For thousands of years their race has been so well-cared for, that it can no longer take any care of itself. Who acts: trays, race. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 2, sentence 44

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For thousands of years their race has been so well-cared for, that it can no longer take any care of itself.

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**Who acts:** trays, race · **What happens:** care, take, race · **To what, where:** race

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trays, race), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:4:44
# text = For thousands of years their race has been so well-cared for, that it can no longer take any care of itself.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	aux:pass	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	cared	care	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	expl	_	_
17	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
18	no	no	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	20	advmod	_	_
20	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
21	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	det	_	_
22	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **care** | present · perfect · passive |  | trays's race |  |  |  | for thousands of years; well *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | can |  | race |  |  |  | any care of race *obj*; long *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent care=Theme |
| 3 | **race** |  | trays *= tray* |  |  |  |  |  | nom race «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **care** |  | race |  |  |  |  |  | nom care «act intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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