---
title: The suppression of pain—mental or physical,—in any conceivable state… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: The suppression of pain—mental or physical,—in any conceivable state of sentient existence, would necessarily involve the suppression also of pleasure;—and certainly all progress, whether moral or material, depends upon the power to meet and to master pain. Who acts: suppression. A sentence of «In G
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 2, sentence 88

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The suppression of pain—mental or physical,—in any conceivable state of sentient existence, would necessarily involve the suppression also of pleasure;—and certainly all progress, whether moral or material, depends upon the power to meet and to master pain.

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**Who acts:** suppression · **What happens:** involve, depend, meet, master, suppress · **To what, where:** suppression, pain

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (suppression), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:4:88
# text = The suppression of pain—mental or physical,—in any conceivable state of sentient existence, would necessarily involve the suppression also of pleasure;—and certainly all progress, whether moral or material, depends upon the power to meet and to master pain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	suppression	suppression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	mental	mental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	appos	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	det	_	_
13	conceivable	conceivable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	sentient	sentient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
19	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	necessarily	necessarily	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	involve	involve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	suppression	suppression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	also	also	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
31	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	32	det	_	_
32	progress	progress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
35	moral	moral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	_
36	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
39	depends	depend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	parataxis	_	_
40	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
43	to	to	PART	TO	_	44	mark	_	_
44	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	advcl	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
46	to	to	PART	TO	_	47	mark	_	_
47	master	master	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	conj	_	_
48	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **involve** | would | the suppression of pain and any conceivable state of sentient existence | the suppression |  |  |  | of pleasure; all progress and moral or material *parataxis*; necessarily *property* | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent suppression=Theme |
| 2 | **depend** | present |  |  |  |  |  | upon the power | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **meet** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **master** | to-infinitive |  | pain |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **suppress** |  |  | pain |  |  |  |  | nom suppression «process transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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