---
title: Possibly my mistress betrayed her liking for you in some words which… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Possibly my mistress betrayed her liking for you in some words which found their way to her father’s ears; and, in that case, O-Kuni—the new wife—might have planned to make the doctor tell you that we were dead, so as to bring about a separation. Who acts: mistress, words, case, we. A sentence of «I
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 3, sentence 104

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Possibly my mistress betrayed her liking for you in some words which found their way to her father’s ears; and, in that case, O-Kuni—the new wife—might have planned to make the doctor tell you that we were dead, so as to bring about a separation.

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**Who acts:** mistress, words, case, we · **What happens:** betray, like, find, plan, make, tell · **To what, where:** wife, words, way, new wife, doctor, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mistress, words, case, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:5:105
# text = Possibly my mistress betrayed her liking for you in some words which found their way to her father’s ears; and, in that case, O-Kuni—the new wife—might have planned to make the doctor tell you that we were dead, so as to bring about a separation.
1	Possibly	possibly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	mistress	mistress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	betrayed	betray	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	liking	like	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	’s	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	26	det	_	_
26	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	30	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	Kuni	Kuni	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	aux	_	_
38	planned	plan	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	34	acl:relcl	_	_
39	to	to	PART	TO	_	40	mark	_	_
40	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	advcl	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	_
43	tell	tell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
44	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	43	iobj	_	_
45	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	48	mark	_	_
46	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
47	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	48	cop	_	_
48	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
50	so	so	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
51	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	53	mark	_	_
52	to	to	PART	TO	_	53	mark	_	_
53	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	43	conj	_	_
54	about	about	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	separation	separation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **betray** | past | my mistress | wife |  |  |  | possibly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **like** | gerund | my mistress *not said here* |  |  | some words |  | for you | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for you=Attribute |
| 3 | **find** | past | some words | words's way |  |  |  | to mistress's father's ears | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |
| 4 | **plan** | might · perfect |  | the new wife *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | the doctor |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset doctor=Product |
| 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | that case |  | you |  |  | the new wife *nsubj* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |
| 7 | **is** | past | we |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **bring** | to-infinitive | that case *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about a separation | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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