---
title: Iijima Heizayémon had a reputation for cutting off heads. — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Iijima Heizayémon had a reputation for cutting off heads. Who acts: Iijima, reputation. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 3, sentence 26

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Iijima Heizayémon had a reputation for cutting off heads.

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**Who acts:** Iijima, reputation · **What happens:** have, cut off · **To what, where:** reputation, heads

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iijima, reputation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:5:27
# text = Iijima Heizayémon had a reputation for cutting off heads.
1	Iijima	Iijima	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Heizayémon	Heizayémon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reputation	reputation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Iijima | a reputation |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reputation=Patient |
| 2 | **cut off** | gerund | a reputation *not said here* | heads |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector head=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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