---
title: “Dead!” repeated Shinzaburō, turning white,—“did you say that she is… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “Dead!” repeated Shinzaburō, turning white,—“did you say that she is dead?” Who acts: you, two. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 3, sentence 41

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“Dead!” repeated Shinzaburō, turning white,—“did you say that she is dead?”

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**Who acts:** you, two · **What happens:** repeat, turn, say, be · **To what, where:** Shinzaburō · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, two), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:5:42
# text = “Dead!” repeated Shinzaburō, turning white,—“did you say that she is dead?”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	repeated	repeat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Shinzaburō	Shinzaburō	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
9	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repeat** | past |  | Shinzaburō |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | white *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | past · do-support | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | two |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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