---
title: But, only a few days ago, happening to visit Iijima’s house, I heard… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: But, only a few days ago, happening to visit Iijima’s house, I heard, to my great surprise, that his daughter had died, and that her servant O-Yoné had also died. Who acts: few days, I, daughter, servant. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3, with its de
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 3, sentence 47

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But, only a few days ago, happening to visit Iijima’s house, I heard, to my great surprise, that his daughter had died, and that her servant O-Yoné had also died.

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**Who acts:** few days, I, daughter, servant, my · **What happens:** happen, visit, hear, die, surprise · **To what, where:** house, few days

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few days, I, daughter, servant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:5:48
# text = But, only a few days ago, happening to visit Iijima’s house, I heard, to my great surprise, that his daughter had died, and that her servant O-Yoné had also died.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	happening	happen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	visit	visit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
12	Iijima	Iijima	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’s	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
31	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
32	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
34	O	of	ADP	IN	Abbr=Yes	36	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	Yoné	Yoné	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
37	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
38	also	also	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
39	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | gerund | a few days *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **visit** | to-infinitive | a few days *not said here* | Iijima's house |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **hear** | past | I |  |  |  |  | my great surprise *conj* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **die** | past · perfect | father's daughter |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **die** | past · perfect | daughter's servant of Yoné |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 7 | **surprise** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom surprise «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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