---
title: The _komageta_, or “pony-geta” is so-called because of the sonorous… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: The _komageta_, or “pony-geta” is so-called because of the sonorous hoof-like echo which it makes on hard ground. Who acts: sonorous like echo. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 3, sentence 79

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The \_komageta\_, or “pony-geta” is so-called because of the sonorous hoof-like echo which it makes on hard ground.

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**Who acts:** sonorous like echo · **What happens:** call, make · **To what, where:** komageta, hard ground · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sonorous like echo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:5:80
# text = The _komageta_, or “pony-geta” is so-called because of the sonorous hoof-like echo which it makes on hard ground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	komageta	komageta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	pony	pony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	geta	geta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
16	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
19	sonorous	sonorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
20	hoof	hoof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	echo	echo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	xcomp	_	_
24	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | the komageta |  |  |  | the sonorous like echo *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **make** | present | the sonorous like echo |  |  | hard ground |  | geta *nsubj* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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