---
title: When questioned next morning by Yusai, Shinzaburō at first attempted… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: When questioned next morning by Yusai, Shinzaburō at first attempted to deny that any women had been visiting the house; but finding this artless policy of no avail, and perceiving that the old man’s purpose was altogether unselfish, he was finally persuaded to acknowledge what had really occurred, 
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 4, sentence 33

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When questioned next morning by Yusai, Shinzaburō at first attempted to deny that any women had been visiting the house; but finding this artless policy of no avail, and perceiving that the old man’s purpose was altogether unselfish, he was finally persuaded to acknowledge what had really occurred, and to give his reasons for wishing to keep the matter a secret.

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**Who acts:** women, purpose, man, old man · **What happens:** question, attempt, deny, visit, find, perceive · **To what, where:** Shinzaburō, house, artless policy, man, reasons, matter

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (women, purpose, man, old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:6:33
# text = When questioned next morning by Yusai, Shinzaburō at first attempted to deny that any women had been visiting the house; but finding this artless policy of no avail, and perceiving that the old man’s purpose was altogether unselfish, he was finally persuaded to acknowledge what had really occurred, and to give his reasons for wishing to keep the matter a secret.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	questioned	question	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Yusai	Yusai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Shinzaburō	Shinzaburō	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	advmod	_	_
11	attempted	attempt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	deny	deny	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
16	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	aux	_	_
19	visiting	visit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	finding	find	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
25	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	det	_	_
26	artless	artless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	policy	policy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	30	det	_	_
30	avail	avail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	perceiving	perceive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	conj	_	_
34	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	’s	's	PART	POS	_	37	case	_	_
39	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj	_	_
40	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	cop	_	_
41	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
42	unselfish	unselfish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
44	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	47	nsubj	_	_
45	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	47	aux:pass	_	_
46	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
47	persuaded	persuade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	conj	_	_
48	to	to	PART	TO	_	49	mark	_	_
49	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	47	xcomp	_	_
50	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	53	obj	_	_
51	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	53	aux	_	_
52	really	really	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
53	occurred	occur	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	49	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
55	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
56	to	to	PART	TO	_	57	mark	_	_
57	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	47	conj	_	_
58	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	59	nmod:poss	_	_
59	reasons	reason	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	57	obj	_	_
60	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	61	mark	_	_
61	wishing	wish	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	57	advcl	_	_
62	to	to	PART	TO	_	63	mark	_	_
63	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	61	xcomp	_	_
64	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	65	det	_	_
65	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	63	obj	_	_
66	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	67	det	_	_
67	secret	secret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	63	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **question** *speech: other* | participle |  |  |  |  | morning | by Yusai and Shinzaburō | vn interrogate-37.1.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **attempt** | participle |  | Shinzaburō *not said here* |  |  |  | first *property* | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **deny** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **visit** | past · perfect · progressive | any women | the house |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Co-Agent |
| 5 | **find** | gerund |  | this artless policy of no avail |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent policy=Topic |
| 6 | **perceive** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 7 | **is** | past | the old man's purpose |  |  |  |  | altogether, unselfish *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **persuade** | past · passive |  | man |  |  |  | finally *property* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 9 | **acknowledge** | to-infinitive | man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 10 | **occur** | past · perfect | man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | what *obj* | tree rules |
| 11 | **give** | to-infinitive |  | man's reasons |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 12 | **wish** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 13 | **keep** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | the matter |  |  |  | a secret *xcomp* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent matter=Theme |
| 14 | **purpose** |  | the old man |  |  |  |  |  | nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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