---
title: An acolyte stated, in reply to his questions, that the large tomb ha… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: An acolyte stated, in reply to his questions, that the large tomb had been recently erected for the daughter of Iijima Heizayémon, the _hatamoto_ of Ushigomé; and that the small tomb next to it was that of her servant O-Yoné, who had died of grief soon after the young lady’s funeral. Who acts: hatam
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 4, sentence 58

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An acolyte stated, in reply to his questions, that the large tomb had been recently erected for the daughter of Iijima Heizayémon, the \_hatamoto\_ of Ushigomé; and that the small tomb next to it was that of her servant O-Yoné, who had died of grief soon after the young lady’s funeral.

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**Who acts:** hatamoto, servant, lantern · **What happens:** state, erect, be, die, question · **To what, where:** acolyte, reply, large tomb

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hatamoto, servant, lantern), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:6:58
# text = An acolyte stated, in reply to his questions, that the large tomb had been recently erected for the daughter of Iijima Heizayémon, the _hatamoto_ of Ushigomé; and that the small tomb next to it was that of her servant O-Yoné, who had died of grief soon after the young lady’s funeral.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	acolyte	acolyte	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	stated	state	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	reply	reply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	questions	question	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	tomb	tomb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
16	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	aux:pass	_	_
17	recently	recently	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	erected	erect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Iijima	Iijima	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	Heizayémon	Heizayémon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	hatamoto	hatamoto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	31	punct	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Ushigomé	Ushigomé	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	2	dep	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	tomb	tomb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	fixed	_	_
38	next	next	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
39	to	to	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
40	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
41	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	cop	_	_
42	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	45	nmod:poss	_	_
45	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
46	O	of	ADP	IN	Abbr=Yes	48	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	48	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	Yoné	Yoné	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
50	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	52	nsubj	_	_
51	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	aux	_	_
52	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	45	acl	_	_
53	of	of	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
55	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	52	advmod	_	_
56	after	after	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	59	det	_	_
58	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
59	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	’s	's	PART	POS	_	59	case	_	_
61	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** *speech: other* | participle |  | a acolyte and the hatamoto and Ushigomé *not said here* |  | reply to lantern's questions |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **erect** | past · perfect · passive |  | the large tomb |  |  |  | for the daughter of Iijima; recently *property* | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Product for daughter=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **is** | past | hatamoto |  |  |  |  | to Ushigomé's servant; of Yoné; Ushigomé *nmod:poss*; next *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **die** | past · perfect | Ushigomé's servant |  |  |  | after the young lady's funeral | of grief; soon *property* | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient of grief=Causer |
| 6 | **question** |  | lantern |  |  |  |  |  | nom question «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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