---
title: He drew from his sleeve a sheet of soft white paper, laid it over th… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: He drew from his sleeve a sheet of soft white paper, laid it over the inscription, and began to rub the paper with a lump of clay. Who acts: friend. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 129

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He drew from his sleeve a sheet of soft white paper, laid it over the inscription, and began to rub the paper with a lump of clay.

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**Who acts:** friend · **What happens:** draw, lay, begin, rub · **To what, where:** sheet, sleeve, inscription, paper

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:7:130
# text = He drew from his sleeve a sheet of soft white paper, laid it over the inscription, and began to rub the paper with a lump of clay.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	sleeve	sleeve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sheet	sheet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	over	over	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	inscription	inscription	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	rub	rub	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	lump	lump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | friend | a sheet of soft white paper |  | friend's sleeve |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent sheet=Theme from sleeve=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **lay** | past | friend *not said here* | sheet |  | the inscription |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme over inscription=Destination |
| 3 | **begin** | past | friend *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **rub** | to-infinitive | friend *not said here* | the paper |  |  |  | with a lump of clay | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent paper=Destination with lump=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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