---
title: “Oh, to think that this could happen after the pledges which we made… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “Oh, to think that this could happen after the pledges which we made to each other!… Who acts: this, pledges. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/2/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [In Ghostly Japan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/) / [Names of Incense Used., part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/) / 2

# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Oh, to think that this could happen after the pledges which we made to each other!…

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** this, pledges · **What happens:** think, happen, make · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, pledges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:7:2
# text = “Oh, to think that this could happen after the pledges which we made to each other!…
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	think	think	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	_
8	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pledges	pledge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
14	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	15	obl	_	_
18	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	…	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **happen** *in a quote* | could | this |  |  |  | after the pledges |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make** *in a quote* | past | the pledges |  |  |  |  | to each; we *nsubj* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/1/)
- next →: [sentence 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/3/)
- ↑ back to [Names of Incense Used., part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/)