---
title: But on this particular night it chanced that, waking suddenly, she h… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: But on this particular night it chanced that, waking suddenly, she heard the voice of a woman talking to Tomozō. Who acts: face, Miné, woman. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 21

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But on this particular night it chanced that, waking suddenly, she heard the voice of a woman talking to Tomozō.

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**Who acts:** face, Miné, woman · **What happens:** chance, wake, hear, talk · **To what, where:** voice, Tomozō

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (face, Miné, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:7:21
# text = But on this particular night it chanced that, waking suddenly, she heard the voice of a woman talking to Tomozō.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
4	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	chanced	chance	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	waking	wake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
11	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	talking	talk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	acl	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Tomozō	Tomozō	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chance** | past | face |  |  |  | night |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **wake** | gerund | face *not said here* |  |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **hear** | past | Miné | the voice of a woman |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus |
| 4 | **talk** | gerund | a woman *not said here* |  | Tomozō |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to tomozō=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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