---
title: “Hagiwara Sama was suffering from the results of an evil karma; and… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “Hagiwara Sama was suffering from the results of an evil karma; and his attendant was a bad man. Who acts: Hagiwara Sama, attendant. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 82

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“Hagiwara Sama was suffering from the results of an evil karma; and his attendant was a bad man.

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**Who acts:** Hagiwara Sama, attendant · **What happens:** suffer, be, result · **To what, where:** results, bad man, evil karma

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hagiwara Sama, attendant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:7:82
# text = “Hagiwara Sama was suffering from the results of an evil karma; and his attendant was a bad man.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Hagiwara	Hagiwara	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Sama	Sama	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	suffering	suffer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	karma	karma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	attendant	attendant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suffer** *in a quote* | past · progressive | Hagiwara Sama |  |  | the results of a evil karma |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | Sama's attendant | a bad man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **result** *in a quote* |  |  | a evil karma |  |  |  |  | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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