---
title: I was recently surprised to find, in Anderson’s catalogue of Japanes… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: I was recently surprised to find, in Anderson’s catalogue of Japanese and Chinese paintings in the British Museum, this remarkable statement:—“It is to be noted that in Japan the figure of the Buddha is never represented by the feet, or pedestal alone, as in the Amravati remains, and many other Indi
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 6, sentence 11

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I was recently surprised to find, in Anderson’s catalogue of Japanese and Chinese paintings in the British Museum, this remarkable statement:—“It is to be noted that in Japan the figure of the Buddha is never represented by the feet, or pedestal alone, as in the Amravati remains, and many other Indian art-relics.”

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**Who acts:** I, feet, Japanese paintings · **What happens:** be, find, note, not represent, remain, catalogue · **To what, where:** catalogue, statement, figure, many other Indian art relics, Amravati, Buddha · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, feet, Japanese paintings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:8:12
# text = I was recently surprised to find, in Anderson’s catalogue of Japanese and Chinese paintings in the British Museum, this remarkable statement:—“It is to be noted that in Japan the figure of the Buddha is never represented by the feet, or pedestal alone, as in the Amravati remains, and many other Indian art-relics.”
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	recently	recently	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	surprised	surprised	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	Anderson	Anderson	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	’s	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	catalogue	catalogue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	Japanese	Japanese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	paintings	painting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	British	British	PROPN	NNP	_	20	compound	_	_
20	Museum	Museum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
23	remarkable	remarkable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
31	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	noted	note	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
33	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj:pass	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
41	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	43	aux:pass	_	_
42	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	43	advmod	_	_
43	represented	represent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	ccomp	_	_
44	by	by	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
48	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
49	pedestal	pedestal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
50	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	49	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
52	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	56	mark	_	_
53	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	Amravati	Amravati	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	56	obl	_	_
56	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
58	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	64	cc	_	_
59	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	64	amod	_	_
60	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	64	amod	_	_
61	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	64	amod	_	_
62	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	64	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	62	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	relics	relic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	56	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	64	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
66	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	64	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | I |  |  |  |  | recently, surprised *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  | Anderson's catalogue of Japanese paintings in the British Museum |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **note** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | statement |  |  |  | pedestal *obl* | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **represent** *in a quote* | present · passive | the feet | the figure of the Buddha |  |  |  | in Japan | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot subject=Theme in japan=Attribute |
| 5 | **remain** *in a quote* | present |  | many other Indian art relics |  | the Amravati |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme relic=Attribute |
| 6 | **catalogue** |  | Japanese paintings in the British Museum |  |  |  |  |  | nom catalogue «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
| 7 | **figure** *in a quote* |  |  | the Buddha |  |  |  |  | nom figure «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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