---
title: He, by pure reason,—and he alone before our time,—found answers of w… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: He, by pure reason,—and he alone before our time,—found answers of worth to the questions of the Whence, the Whither, and the Why;—and he made with these answers another and a nobler faith than the creed of his fathers. Who acts: truth. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of In
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 6, sentence 110

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He, by pure reason,—and he alone before our time,—found answers of worth to the questions of the Whence, the Whither, and the Why;—and he made with these answers another and a nobler faith than the creed of his fathers.

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**Who acts:** truth · **What happens:** find, make · **To what, where:** answers, another

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (truth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:8:111
# text = He, by pure reason,—and he alone before our time,—found answers of worth to the questions of the Whence, the Whither, and the Why;—and he made with these answers another and a nobler faith than the creed of his fathers.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
10	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	before	before	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
17	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	worth	worth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	nmod	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	questions	question	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Whence	whence	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	Whither	whither	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
38	with	with	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	40	det	_	_
40	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl	_	_
41	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	37	obj	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
43	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	nobler	noble	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	45	amod	_	_
45	faith	faith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	_
46	than	than	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	creed	creed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	_
49	of	of	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
51	fathers	father	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	48	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past |  | answers of worth to the questions |  |  |  | whither *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | past | truth | another |  |  |  | with this answers; a nobler faith than the creed of truth's fathers *conj* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent another=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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