---
title: When the Buddha lifted up his foot all could perceive upon the sole… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: When the Buddha lifted up his foot all could perceive upon the sole of it the appearance of a wheel of a thousand spokes…. Who acts: Buddha. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 6, sentence 41

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When the Buddha lifted up his foot all could perceive upon the sole of it the appearance of a wheel of a thousand spokes….

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**Who acts:** Buddha · **What happens:** lift up, perceive · **To what, where:** foot, appearance

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:8:42
# text = When the Buddha lifted up his foot all could perceive upon the sole of it the appearance of a wheel of a thousand spokes….
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lifted	lift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	all	all	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	perceive	perceive	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	sole	sole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	spokes	spoke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	….	..	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift up** | past | the Buddha | Buddha's foot |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme |
| 2 | **perceive** | could |  | the appearance of a wheel of thousand spokes |  |  |  | upon the sole of dhyâna; all *property* | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer appearance=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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