---
title: The figure upon each toe is said to be a modification of the _manji_… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: The figure upon each toe is said to be a modification of the _manji_;[4] and although I doubt whether this is always the case, I have observed that on some of the large kakémono representing the footprints, the emblem really _is_ the svastikâ,—not a flamelet nor a flower-shape. Who acts: I, this, so
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/8/60/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [In Ghostly Japan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/) / [Names of Incense Used., part 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/8/) / 60

# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 6, sentence 60

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The figure upon each toe is said to be a modification of the \_manji\_;\[4\] and although I doubt whether this is always the case, I have observed that on some of the large kakémono representing the footprints, the emblem really \_is\_ the svastikâ,—not a flamelet nor a flower-shape.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, this, some · **What happens:** say, be, doubt, observe, represent · **To what, where:** figure, modification, case, footprints · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, this, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:8:61
# text = The figure upon each toe is said to be a modification of the _manji_;[4] and although I doubt whether this is always the case, I have observed that on some of the large kakémono representing the footprints, the emblem really _is_ the svastikâ,—not a flamelet nor a flower-shape.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	toe	toe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	modification	modification	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	ccomp	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	manji	manji	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
22	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	doubt	doubt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	advcl	_	_
25	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
26	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	30	nsubj	_	_
27	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
28	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	30	advmod	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
32	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
33	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	observed	observe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	conj	_	_
35	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
36	on	on	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	42	nsubj	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	kakémono	kakémono	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
42	representing	represent	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	34	advcl	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	footprints	footprint	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	emblem	emblem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	conj	_	_
48	really	really	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
49	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	44	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	51	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	42	punct	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	svastikâ	svastikâ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	58	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	58	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	58	advmod	_	_
57	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	flamelet	flamelet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	appos	_	_
59	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	63	cc	_	_
60	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	63	det	_	_
61	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	63	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	61	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | the figure upon each toe |  |  |  | 4 *parataxis* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | a modification |  |  |  | of the manji | tree rules |
| 3 | **doubt** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | present | this | the case |  |  |  | always *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **observe** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **represent** | gerund | some of the large kakémono | the footprints and the emblem |  |  |  | the svastikâ *obj* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 59](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/8/59/)
- next →: [sentence 61](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/8/61/)
- ↑ back to [Names of Incense Used., part 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/8/)