---
title: As in the water a fish moves easily in any direction, so in the Budd… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: As in the water a fish moves easily in any direction, so in the Buddha-state the fully-emancipated knows no restraints or obstructions. Who acts: fish. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 6, sentence 66

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As in the water a fish moves easily in any direction, so in the Buddha-state the fully-emancipated knows no restraints or obstructions.

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**Who acts:** fish · **What happens:** move, emancipate, know · **To what, where:** direction, restraints, Buddha state

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:8:67
# text = As in the water a fish moves easily in any direction, so in the Buddha-state the fully-emancipated knows no restraints or obstructions.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
20	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	emancipated	emancipate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	amod	_	_
23	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
24	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	25	det	_	_
25	restraints	restraint	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	obstructions	obstruction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | a fish |  |  | any direction |  | as the water; easily *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in direction=Trajectory |
| 2 | **emancipate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | fully *property* | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **know** | present | a fish *not said here* | no restraints or obstructions |  | the Buddha state |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer restraint=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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