---
title: On different sides of the structure,—near the top, and placed by rul… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: On different sides of the structure,—near the top, and placed by rule so as to face certain points of the compass,—there are engraved five Sanscrit characters which are symbols of the Five Elemental Buddhas, together with scriptural and commemorative texts. Who acts: five Sanscrit characters. A sent
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 6, sentence 90

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On different sides of the structure,—near the top, and placed by rule so as to face certain points of the compass,—there are engraved five Sanscrit characters which are symbols of the Five Elemental Buddhas, together with scriptural and commemorative texts.

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**Who acts:** five Sanscrit characters · **What happens:** place, face, engrave, be, point · **To what, where:** top, certain points, five Sanscrit characters, symbols, compass

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (five Sanscrit characters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:8:91
# text = On different sides of the structure,—near the top, and placed by rule so as to face certain points of the compass,—there are engraved five Sanscrit characters which are symbols of the Five Elemental Buddhas, together with scriptural and commemorative texts.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	structure	structure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	near	near	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
18	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	face	face	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	_
21	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	compass	compass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	30	expl	_	_
29	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	engraved	engrave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
31	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	33	nummod	_	_
32	Sanscrit	Sanscrit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	characters	character	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	_
34	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	nsubj	_	_
35	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	cop	_	_
36	symbols	symbol	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
39	Five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	48	nummod	_	_
40	Elemental	Elemental	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	nsubj	_	_
41	Buddhas	Buddhas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
43	together	together	ADV	RB	_	48	advmod	_	_
44	with	with	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
45	scriptural	scriptural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
47	commemorative	commemorative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	conj	_	_
48	texts	text	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | participle |  | the top on different sides of the structure *not said here* |  |  |  | by rule | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by rule=Destination |
| 2 | **face** | infinitive |  | certain points of the compass |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme point=Destination |
| 3 | **engrave** | present · passive |  | five Sanscrit characters |  | there |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: character=Destination |
| 4 | **is a** | present | five Sanscrit characters | symbols |  |  |  | of the Five scriptural texts  Elemental | tree rules |
| 6 | **point** |  |  | the compass |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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