---
title: In houses of the better class there are usually a number of _gaku_,… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: In houses of the better class there are usually a number of _gaku_, or suspended tablets to be seen,—each bearing, for all design, a beautifully written verse. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 107

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In houses of the better class there are usually a number of \_gaku\_, or suspended tablets to be seen,—each bearing, for all design, a beautifully written verse.

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**What happens:** be, suspend, see, write · **To what, where:** number, houses

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:9:108
# text = In houses of the better class there are usually a number of _gaku_, or suspended tablets to be seen,—each bearing, for all design, a beautifully written verse.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	gaku	gaku	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	suspended	suspend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
19	tablets	tablet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	26	det	_	_
26	bearing	bearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	30	det	_	_
30	design	design	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
33	beautifully	beautifully	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	amod	_	_
35	verse	verse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a number |  | houses |  | each bearing and all design and a written verse *parataxis*; usually *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **suspend** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V» |
| 4 | **write** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | beautifully *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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