---
title: It is a remarkable fact that in almost all countries (including Japa… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: It is a remarkable fact that in almost all countries (including Japan) the howling of dogs has been attributed to their perception of things viewless to man, and awful,—especially gods and ghosts;—and this unanimity of superstitious belief suggests that one element of the disquiet inspired by the cr
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 33

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It is a remarkable fact that in almost all countries (including Japan) the howling of dogs has been attributed to their perception of things viewless to man, and awful,—especially gods and ghosts;—and this unanimity of superstitious belief suggests that one element of the disquiet inspired by the cry is the dread of the supernatural.

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**Who acts:** sound, remarkable fact, unanimity, dogs · **What happens:** be, include, attribute, suggest, inspire, howl · **To what, where:** remarkable fact, howling, countries, one element, things

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound, remarkable fact, unanimity, dogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:9:33
# text = It is a remarkable fact that in almost all countries (including Japan) the howling of dogs has been attributed to their perception of things viewless to man, and awful,—especially gods and ghosts;—and this unanimity of superstitious belief suggests that one element of the disquiet inspired by the cry is the dread of the supernatural.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	remarkable	remarkable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	including	include	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	case	_	_
13	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	howling	howling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
19	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	attributed	attribute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	perception	perception	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
27	viewless	viewless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	TO	_	29	case	_	_
29	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	awful	awful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
36	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	appos	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	ghosts	ghost	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	47	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
42	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	43	det	_	_
43	unanimity	unanimity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	nsubj	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	superstitious	superstitious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	_
47	suggests	suggest	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
48	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	50	mark	_	_
49	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	50	nummod	_	_
50	element	element	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obj	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
53	disquiet	disquiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	60	amod	_	_
54	inspired	inspire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	60	amod	_	_
55	by	by	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
56	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
57	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	60	obl	_	_
58	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	60	cop	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	dread	dread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	_
61	of	of	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
62	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	63	det	_	_
63	supernatural	supernatural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	60	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | sound | a remarkable fact |  |  |  | gods and ghosts *appos* | tree rules |
| 2 | **include** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **attribute** | present · perfect · passive | a remarkable fact *not said here* | the howling of dogs |  | all countries |  | to dogs's perception of things | tree rules |
| 4 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | present | this unanimity of superstitious belief | one element |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent element=Topic |
| 5 | **inspire** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the disquiet inspired dread; by the cry; of the supernatural | tree rules |
| 7 | **howl** |  | dogs |  |  |  |  |  | nom howling «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
| 8 | **perceive** |  | dogs *= dog* | things |  |  |  |  | nom perception «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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