---
title: Whatever thing invisible to human eyes the senses of a dog may at ti… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Whatever thing invisible to human eyes the senses of a dog may at times perceive, it can be nothing resembling our idea of a ghost. Who acts: thing. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 35

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Whatever thing invisible to human eyes the senses of a dog may at times perceive, it can be nothing resembling our idea of a ghost.

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**Who acts:** thing · **What happens:** perceive, be, resemble · **To what, where:** nothing, idea

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:9:35
# text = Whatever thing invisible to human eyes the senses of a dog may at times perceive, it can be nothing resembling our idea of a ghost.
1	Whatever	whatever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	senses	sens	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
15	perceive	perceive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	cop	_	_
20	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	parataxis	_	_
21	resembling	resemble	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	_
22	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | may |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** | can | thing | nothing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **resemble** | gerund |  | our idea of a ghost |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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