---
title: Stars give being to worlds and devour them; planets assimilate their… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Stars give being to worlds and devour them; planets assimilate their own moons. Who acts: Stars, planets. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 60

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Stars give being to worlds and devour them; planets assimilate their own moons.

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**Who acts:** Stars, planets · **What happens:** give, devour, assimilate · **To what, where:** worlds, Stars, own moons

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stars, planets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:9:60
# text = Stars give being to worlds and devour them; planets assimilate their own moons.
1	Stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	cop	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	worlds	world	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	devour	devour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	planets	planet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	assimilate	assimilate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	moons	moon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Stars |  | worlds |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to world=Recipient |
| 2 | **devour** | infinitive | Stars *not said here* | Stars *= star* |  |  |  |  | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 3 | **assimilate** | present | planets | planets's own moons |  |  |  |  | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moon=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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